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Being Familiar With The Practice of Hydrotesting
Hydrotesting or hydrostatic testing is a reliable method of checking leakages in pressurized containers or pipelines. The test relies on simple principles of fluid pressure and often uses dyed water which is placed inside test pipes and vessels at high pressure. This technique is often used in testing pipelines for leaks and it ensures maintenance of standards observed for durability. Manufacturers of pipes will have these pieces undergo hydrostatic test to ensure quality. Not only is this kind of test applicable to pipes but also is it applicable to vessels carrying high pressure gas. Now this test is extremely relevant as it finds out if a container can handle extremes of pressure. A failure of compressed gas tanks can lead to serious, fatal accidents. Hydrostatic tests reduce the likelihood of tank leaks by sorting out sturdy containers from frail ones.
An incompressible liquid, like water or oil, is used and it is usually dyed to make it easy to see. Red or fluorescent dyes are the ones usually used. Since testing should be done with reliability in mind, the test pressure to use must be significantly higher than the operating pressure of the container or pipe. This provides a margin of safety that ensures the validity of test procedure carried out. This margin of safety we are talking about should be 150% greater than the pressure capacity. If, for instance, a cylindrical container is assigned with a capacity to hold 139 bars of pressure, then it shall be tested at approximately 232 bars.
Engineers are careful when choosing a fluid to use for this pressure test. Water is generally preferred because of its low compressibility, which in turn does not make it an expandable fluid. In other words, if water cannot be compressed then there is also no way for it to expand too much. So if the test vessel were to split during the pressure test, then there is no danger of explosive expansion as there would be if a compressible gas were used.
Small containers shall be tested in a different fashion through water jacket test, in which the test vessel is immersed in water whose volume shall be monitored for changes during the test. Small vessels unfit for holding pressurized fluids can easily expand with additional pressure. The expansion displaces water volume in the container. This shift shall indicate distortion and the degree of distortion determines whether the vessel is safe or unsafe.
This non destructive testing method is employed to test key devices. For instance, portable fire extinguishers need to be tested for tank durability. This apparatus is tested through hydrostatic testing to ensure the extinguisher tank itself can withstand high internal pressure.
Hydrostatic testing is specifically aimed at determining the strength of containers, pipes, and vessels. Other NDT tests are designed to check on material quality. Magnetic particle inspection and liquid penetrant inspection, for instance, test the presence of tiny cracks on surfaces of materials. These tests are conducted as per industrial compliance and as part of safety maintenance procedures.
Author Resource:-
Jo is a content writer for 'Inspection Consultants (Incon)', an independently owned and managed Non Destructive Testing (NDT) business located in Cheshire that has long been providing a full NDT service to their clients for twenty five years. In case you're looking for a company that could provide a varied and flexible hydrotesting service then have a look at Inspection Consultants (http://www.incon.co.uk).
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